Summer biathlon is a very young discipline. Its first world championship were staged in 1996. Summer biathlon is a combination of running and shooting.

The running part is either staged as a classic cross-country race (Cross Biathlon) or as a roller ski race (Roller Biathlon).

Similar to the more popular winter biathlon, there are sprints, pursuits, mass starts and relays. As an exception, athletes in cross biathlon may not carry their rifle during the race.

The following pages contain information about the involved sports associations, the history of summer biathlon as well as details about the rules.